Tham khảo Urman,

Tham khảo Urman,_Syria

Escher, Anton (1995). “Migrant Network – An Answer to Contain Desertification: A Case Study of Southern Syria (Gabal al-Arab)”. Trong Tomás, Juan Puigdefábregas; Mendizábal, Teresa (biên tập). Desertification and Migrations (PDF). Geoforma Ediciones.
Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
Trombley, Frank R. (1995). Hellenic Religion and Christianization: C. 370–529. Brill.
Wright, William (1895). An Account of Palmyra and Zenobia: with Travels and Adventures in Bashan and the Desert. T. Nelson and Sons.

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